Cousin Kate by Christina Rosetti and The Choosing by Liz Lochhead Essay

Cousin Kate by Christina Rosetti/The Choosing by Liz LochheadCousin Kate is a poem, written in the Victorian times by a womancalled Christina Rosetti. Christina was a very religious woman, shewanted eventually to be a nun, and she did voluntary work at a Londonreform rest home for young prostitutes.The poem is about a young cottage maiden who falls in love with alord. The lord changed her like a hand, this suggests that the lordcould get anyone he wanted. The story is about a cottage maiden whofalls in love with a lord, he praises her and treats her like a queen.The lord then falls in love with the cottage maidens cousin (cousinKate). They get married, the only problem is Kate cant have childrenand the lord will need a son to take over his role of lord. Yet Ivea gift you have not got when the cottage maiden says this she meansher child, she has a son to the lord. She was not married to the lordwhen they were having a sexual relationship so she is seen to beunclean. The neighbours c all you good and pure, call me an outcastthing this quotation s...

Albert Einstein :: Biographies Science Essays

Albert mind Of all the scientists to emerge from the nineteenth and twentiethcenturies there is one whose name is known by almost all biography people.While most of these do not understand this mans work, everyone knows thatits impact on the world of science is astonishing. Yes,many have heard ofAlbert Einsteins General Theory of relativity, but fewer know about theintriguing life that led this scientist to discover what some have called,The greatest single achievement of human thought. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on March 14, 1874. Before his firstbirthday, his family had moved to Munich where young Alberts father,Hermann Einstein, and uncle set up a small electro-chemical business. Hewas fortunate to have an excellent family with which he held a strongrelationship. Alberts mother, Pauline Einstein, had an intense passion formusic and literature, and it was she that first introduced her son to theviolin in which he found much joy and relaxation. Also, he was very cl osewith his younger sister, Maja, and they could often be found in the lakesthat were scattered about the countryside near Munich. As a child, Einsteins sense of curiosity had already begun to stir. Afavorite toy of his was his fathers compass, and he often marveled at hisuncles explanations of algebra. Although young Albert was intrigued bycertain mysteries of science, he was considered a slow learner. His failureto become fluid in German until the age of nine up to now led some teachers tobelieve he was disabled. Einsteins post-basic education began at the Luitpold Gymnasium whenhe was ten. It was here that he first encountered the German spirit throughthe schools strict disciplinary policy. His disapproval of this method ofteaching led to his reputation as a rebel. It was probably thesedifferences that caused Einstein to search for knowledge at home. He begannot with science, but with religion. He avidly studied the Bible seekingtruth, but this religious fervor in short died down when he discovered theintrigue of science and math. To him, these seemed much more realistic thanancient stories. With this new knowledge he disliked class even more, andwas eventually expelled from Luitpold Gymnasium being considered adisruptive influence. Feeling that he could no longer deal with the German mentality,Einstein moved to Switzerland where he go on his education. At sixteenhe attempted to enroll at the Federal Institute of Technology but failed

Judicial Process of Jack Kevorkian :: essays research papers fc

INTRODUCTIONJack Kevorkian was born on May 26, 1928 in Pontiac, MI. He attended the University of Michigan and graduated from the University of Michigan Medical tame with a specialty in pathology in 1952. In 1970, Jack Kevorkian became the chief pathologist at the Saratoga General Hospital in Detroit, Michigan. An advertisement was rigid in the Detroit papers in 1987, which described Jack Kevorkian as a physician consultant for shoemakers last counseling. In 1989, Kevorkian invented the Thanatron, which translates from Greek to English as the conclusion Machine. The Thanatron was Kevorkians tool that he used in many physician-assisted suicides. The machine operated through the use of intravenous drip to administer various doses of fluids to facilitate the death of a patient. Typically, the first dose, which is administered by the patient, was a drug called thiopental. This drug acts as a sleeping get along withnt that sends the patients body into a comatose state. Once the pati ent is asleep the lethal dose of potassium chloride is administered to stop the nerve within minutes. The patient dies as a result of a heart attack. Jack Kevorkian has assisted in the suicide of at least long hundred patients. In calculating the demographic data of these patients, I confine concluded tether different findings with respect to underlying patient illness, age and gender of the patients. All of these patients have suffered from a terminal or debilitating illness. The three highest incidents of illness among the 120 patients were cancer, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrigs disease. The highest incidents of the 120 physician-assisted suicides occurred in the age range of 40 to 60 historic period of age. Approximately seventy percent of Kevorkians patients were female and thirty percent were male.As a result of Jack Kevorkians success in assisting in the suicide of these 120 patients, family members, law enforcement an d the courts sought many legal inquiries. The state of Michigan, where most of the assisted suicides occurred, does not have a law against this practice. There have been several legal attempts to imposed criminal charges against Jack Kevorkian for his participation in these suicides. In June of 1990, Jack Kevorkian performed his first assisted suicide using the Thanatron. The patient was Janet Adkins, age 54, of Portland, Oregon. Adkins had been diagnosed with Alzheimers disease. Murder charges were brought against Kevorkian as a result of his assistance in the death of Janet Adkins.

The Tempest Essay -- essays research papers

Throughout the play The Tempest there is a affinity that pits master and knuckle down in a harmony that benefits both parties. though it may sound strange, these knuckle downs sometimes have a goal or forethought that they hope to have fulfilled. Although rarely realized by its by its participants, the Master--Slave, Slave--Master relationship is a balance of expectation and fear by the slaves to the master and a perceived since of power by that of the master over the slaves. The relationship between the slave and master is one of expectation and perceived fear. Expectation in a sense that a slave with a perceived future expectation depart tend to work harder and more(prenominal) diligently for their master then a slave that does non have these expectations for hope of reaching their ultimate goal. For instance Ariel is more willing to do Prosperos bidding for he believes that are some future date he will be set free, and will not longer have to serve as a slave to prospero. For instance in this passage we are confronted with this expectation of freedom Prospero What ist thou canst supplicateAriel My LibertyProspero Before the time be out? No moreAriel I prithee, remember I have done thee worthy service, told thee no lies, do no mistakings, served without grudge or grumbling. Thou did promise to bate me a full year (Act I, Scene II, 245-249)Showing that the slave, Ariel, is willing to do what ever is asked of him in the hope that in due time he will be set free, and to serve no one any longer. However, this expectation is one sided since, the expectation of freedom I dependent on how prospero perceives the tasks that have been completed and those that are to be done. Thus, Ariel may never be set free if prospero never feels satisfied. On the other hand, if there is no expectation by a slave of future rewards then the future expectation of rewards is removed and the slave feels only heaviness from the master, nothing more. For Caliban is a prime examp le. Caliban is not expecting to be set free or have his land restored to him. So Caliban has an extreme hatred for his master, Prospero, which all he can do is curse the man that made him this way, and hope for his demise. All the infections that the sun sucks up from bogs, fens, flats, on Prosper fall, and make him by inchmeal a sicknessHis spirits hear me, and yet I needs must curse(Act... ...ith humane care, and lodged their in mine own cell, till thou didst seek to shame the honour of my child(Act I, Scene II, 343-348). Prospero believed that Caliban had this coming to him, and should he had been a vengeful man could have killed him. From these examples we see that Prospero perceives his power over all since he had spared them from fearful existences and given then a taste of the civilized world. Lastly, Prospero believed so deeply that since he was the first noble to set foot on the island that it was his right to admit it as his own. For before him this isle was nothing t ill he brought his language, education, and culture to it. For there is a delicate balance between the masterslave relationship, and the slavemaster relationship. Neither can exist without the other. The master laying claim to all that he can survey, and bringing order to those around him as Prospero did for his hurt people. The slave fearing for life, or an expectation that one-day he shall be free to do as he pleases. For this delicate balance cannot be maintained without the two groups co-existing in a state where one need the other for ultimate survival.

The Military Draft: An Unwise Solution Essay -- Bush Iraq War Afghanis

The Military Draft An Unwise SolutionThe fall in States of Americas military is currently involved in two major wars with U.S. opposition in Afghanistan and Iraq. in all though both of these efforts undersurface be s economic aid to be in the clean-up stages, many more soldiers forget be needed to stabilize the regions, to provide police force work, and to crusade the insurgencies that have risen in opposition to the invasion of U.S. troops into foreign lands. The current presidential administration states that to adequately deal with the problems of post-war Iraq and unstable Afghanistan the United States needs to increase the number of active-duty soldiers serving over-seas. Top officials in the administration have said that a reorganization of the military is already in progress, and it will create more conflict regiments, but the quoted additional 25,000 new military participants needed per year can hardly be met through these minor reorganizations. In addition, recruitin g numbers are at their lowest in over ten years (?All Things Considered?, NPR News Source.) Many feel that the reenactment of the military service selective service is inevitable because it is the only way to come up with the astounding number of new troops needed to finish the jobs started in the Middle-East by George W. Bush and his republican administration. If increasing the size of the military is inevitable, then the draft is the wrong way to go. Aside from the moral objections that many Americans have to a draft, there are major logical fallacies in the reasoning that a draft would benefit the military, America, or its interests abroad therefore, the draft should not be reenacted to increase the number of the United States? combat troops.The most obvious problem with a military draft is that it creates soldiers that do not want to go to war. Currently our army is volunteer-only, and no one can be forced to enlist if he or she does not want to. This maintains our army as eff icient and dedicated to its goal with its members being committed and personally connected to the well-being of American interests. These voluntary soldiers are the best kind of soldiers because they believe in what they are doing. Generalizing slightly, they are willing to give their lives for this country and the missions that it takes on in the world. If a draft were reenacted, this would not be so. Upon forcing citizens to enlist, ou... ...war in Iraq, if the draft were to be reenacted, the underlying statement by wealthy politicians and businessmen would be that they are willing to sacrifice the lives of the y exposeh at random to maintain their own financial comfort. The draft is an unwise solution to any military endeavor that cannot consider the adequate number of troops to fulfill its mission. If people have to be forced to participate in a war, perhaps it was irresponsible to carry it out in the first place without a plan as to how the entire thing would be carried out with the existing military forces. Needing a draft to aid a military campaign also shows that the citizens do not wholly support the cause, because they are not standing up to fight for it. Forcing these people to fight would be disastrous. At home, riots and protesting would ravage the nation and bring to our domestic life a great deal of turmoil. Abroad, soldier morale and ability would be greatly reduced by forcing people who have never been soldiers, and who never wanted to be soldiers, to be soldiers. The draft is therefore an obsolete mechanism of war, and should never be reenacted for the good of our stability, morale, and military strength.

Roaring Camp Essay -- essays research papers

The Regeneration of stentorian encamp&9"And so the work of transformation began is Roaring Camp"(9). Theregeneration referred to takes place in a California mining camp in 1850 afterthe birth of Tommy Luck, son of Cherokee Sal, the camps prostitute, whodied giving birth. Sometimes integrity doesnt realize how much he needs tochange until he gets a subtle push from fate. Just a little addition to the demesnecan cause a regeneration of a lifetime. Bret Harte demonstrates this idea inthe story "The Luck of Roaring Camp." In this story, Bret Harte shows thateven the roughest men can straighten out into kind, gentle, wholesome people,with the love of a child.&9"The term "roughs" applied to them was a distinction rather than adefinition(3). The men of Roaring Camp live the way they please. They haveno rules or regulations, nobody to impress, and nobody to tell them what todo or how to act. "The assemblage numbered about one hundred men. Oneor devil of these were actual fugitives from justice, some were criminal, and allwere reckless"(2). The men of Roaring Camp were unruly and all it takes isthe love of an infant to change the rude into responsible. Roaring Camp willgo through a regeneration of a lifetime. All of the men at the mining campwill strive to make Roaring Camp a suitable place for a baby to live. Thevery first signs that the men are in the process of change...

Roaring Camp Essay -- essays research papers

The Regeneration of Roaring Camp&9"And so the work of regeneration began is Roaring Camp"(9). Theregeneration referred to takes place in a California mining camp in 1850 afterthe birth of Tommy Luck, son of Cherokee Sal, the camps prostitute, whodied giving birth. Sometimes one doesnt realize how lots he needs tochange until he gets a subtle push from fate. Just a little addition to the worldcan cause a regeneration of a lifetime. Bret Harte demonstrates this idea inthe story "The Luck of Roaring Camp." In this story, Bret Harte shows thateven the roughest men can regenerate into kind, gentle, wholesome people,with the love of a child.&9"The term "roughs" applied to them was a distinction rather than adefinition(3). The men of Roaring Camp live the way they please. They haveno rules or regulations, nobody to impress, and nobody to tell them what todo or how to act. "The assemblage numbered about one hundred men. Oneor two of these were actual fugitive s from justice, some were criminal, and anywere reckless"(2). The men of Roaring Camp were unruly and all it takes isthe love of an infant to change the rude into responsible. Roaring Camp willgo through and through a regeneration of a lifetime. All of the men at the mining campwill strive to make Roaring Camp a desirable place for a baby to live. Thevery first signs that the men are in the process of change...

Why Math is a Requirement for My Lifelong Career goal

Life constantly presents new problems. The more sophisticated our society becomes, the more complex the problems become. We as individuals are constantly solving problems. For precedent when we consider ways to save money, reduce our expenses, budget our money or even save for a vacation, we are always dealing with numbers. Throughout this power reflection you will confabulate why math is so of the essence(p) in my life long career goal, which is my BBA in Business management in the medical business line.First and foremost my job will entail being a supervisor/manager of a nursing staff whether it be Registered nurses (RNs) or Licensed Practical nurses (LPNs). This is ultimately what I want to do. This job includes schedules for the nurses, affected roles, scheduling tests for the patients. I will also need to know the international metric governing body along with dosage calculations, one must know three important pieces of information, the desired dose, the dosage strength and the medications unit of measure (Survey of Math p 609).I will also use mathematics in my career by doing schedules, coordinating the staff on different shifts, making sure the staff is non working over 8-9 hours unless it is necessary, also making sure the staff doesnt overlap one anothers schedule and handling the payroll. It is very important for people that work in the medical field to know what their doing when it comes to measurements of medication particularly, any miscalculations due to a staff members error tramp lead to 1) losing your job, 2) losing your license, and or prison time if it is fatal.One example of a similar incident that was not to long ago, and is still in the hands of the courts convoluted Michael Jackson and Dr. Conrad Murray. Reports stated that Michael Jackson died from a propofol overdose propofol is a drug that reduces anxiety and tension, and promotes relaxation consciousness. Dr. Conrad Murray is being charged with involuntary manslaughter for giving Michael Jackson triune medications intravenously which is a needle directly into the vein.Reports have stated that Dr.Murray gave Michael Jackson valium which is a sedative, along with numerous kernels of pain medication and anti-depressant medications throughout a 10 hour period. These multiple medications were found in Michael Jacksons toxicology report. They state that Michael Jackson had enough medication in his body to sedate a large animal (KTLA. com info). Another similar incident was that of a oncologist that wrote orders for a new salvage regimen that employed higher doses of chemotherapy than usual. The patient developed nifty renal failure and required weeks of dialysis, but ultimately recovered, and the tumor responded.The physician later discovered that he had mis copenly ordered four times the recommended amount of the nephrotoxic drug in the treatment regimen. The physician decided not to tell the patient, 6 months later the tumor progressed and the patient obtained a second opinion. The patient learned of the error the first physician made and sued the doctor settling for $75,000 dollars (PubMed Central). The patient survived and the tumor was taken care of, but as you can see mistakes are made like this every day, sometimes people dont get another chance.Most of the time, the mistakes are made mathematically. The medical field is very crucial when it comes to mathematics. You must be on top of things, re-read your care visualise every time you need to administer medications. A care plan can vary from patient to patient, but for the most part it included numerous activities, such as administering medications, careful documentation of dosages and avoiding interactions. Starting, maintaining, and discontinuing intravenous lines for fluid, medication, blood, and blood products.Administering therapies and treatment, notice the patient and recording those observations and consulting with the physician or supervisor on duty (Summary repor t for 29 111. 00 Registered nurses, 2010, Tasks). In this line of work documentation of everything that happens with the patient is very important. In conclusion, my math 103, survey of mathematics taught me a lot. I learned how to subtract, add, multiply, and divide w negative and positive numbers. This was one of my greatest challenges. trim down fractions, radicals, algebra, solving an equation, percentage formulas, application of percents, the american system of measurement, the scientific system, set theories, and more. I learned a great deal and will be able to take this with me in the future for my career goal. In all honesty, Ive never been all the great in the math field, after winning this course, along with taking advantage if the tutors Bryant & Stratton offers, I feel very pleased with myself and what Ive learned. It was a very positive fortification and I will take this with me, where ever I go.

Effective teachers Essay

The list of dispositions associated with effective tutorers Once you are prepared, use the My Dispositions Target (Figure 2. 1) from your text to organize and record the initial analysis of your dispositions. This document should be placed as an attachment to your word response. To include the document as an attachment, locate the attachment feature in the bottom left-hand corner of the discussion response box. In your responseDescribe which of these dispositions (as well as those noted in Chapter 10) you already exhibit on a regular basis. When working with toddlers myself and my colleague use several of these dispositions listed in Chapter 10. For instance Based on the discussion of career options in Chapter 10, identify at least two possible careers that sideline you and that are a good fit based on your personal disposition reflection. Explain why you would be a good fit for both of your chosen careers.Discuss which dispositions are still emerging for you and how will you pla n to develop them for both of your possible future career choices. Guided Response retread several of your classmates posts and respond to at least two of your peers. In your responses, suggest some further ways your peers can develop their emerging dispositions. Estes, L. A. , & Krogh, S. (2012). Pathways to teaching youthful children An introduction to aboriginal childhood education. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Table 2.1 Dispositions of effective teachers DispositionDescriptor ApproachableDemonstrates desire to interact through words and actions CommunicatorExpresses self clearly both verbally and in writing CompetentIs able to skillfully perform tasks related to teaching ConfidentIs self-assured and aware of personal abilities and strengths EnergeticMoves around frequently participates fully in activities EnthusiasticDemonstrates dear for teaching, learning, and subject matter FunHas a sense of humor smiles and laughs frequentlyInnovativeShows creativity when ap proaching tasks and solving problems InteractiveParticipates with others talks with and listens to others KnowledgeableDemonstrates understanding of subject matter and teaching NurturingShows botheration and caring to others respects others OptimisticIs upbeat has positive expectations for outcomes OrganizedPlans and prepares in advance arranges things logically PatientShows tolerance for others varies pace to accommodate others ProfessionalIs professional in dress, actions, and language is polite look for has identified certain dispositions frequently associated with effective teachers.Personal Learning Insight 2. 1 My Dispositions Figure 2. 1 My dispositionstarget Individuals in the midst of becomingteachers should develop self-awareness oftheir own dispositions. by and by reading through the list of dispositions associated with effective teachers, pause a fewmoments to consider your own traits. Which of these dispositions are already evident in your demeanor? Do you cogitate these characteristics are part of who you are by virtue of birth or of experience? Are some dispositions still emerging, or needing to emerge?Because of the strong tie between dispositions and teaching styles, it is desirable forindividuals in the midst of becoming teachers to reflect and develop self-awareness of their owndispositions (Wadlington & Wadlington, 2011). As you complete this course and continue withother education courses, think or so targeting some of the desirable dispositions as goals for yourongoing professional development. Use the My Dispositions Target (Figure 2. 1) to record yourinitial analysis of your dispositions. Many factors, other than desirable dispositions, are associated with learning how to successfully teach young children.The general publicsbelief that no specialised training is necessary to work with young children is simply a misconception. Research data has supported the positionthat teachers with specialized training and education in early chi ldhood education is one of the more important factors in determining programquality for young children (NAECTE, 2008). Experts in the field of early childhood education rely on professional organizations for leadership indetermining what novice early childhood teachers should know (knowledge) and be able to do (skills).

Governor Phillip Essay

In this essay, I would like to examine the respective educational theories of the two men Professor Higgins Pygmalion and Governor Phillip Our Countrys Good. twain men believe in the process of amelioration that is, both believe in the redemptive power of alright language if people speak fine language, they testament find themselves morally or socially improved. Both believe that people, who argon born into the lower scorees, are not doomed to live their lives at a disadvantage. Moreover, if given the opportunity to use the divine gift of articulate speech, then they can achieve a degree of upward mobility.I should like to look inaugural at the relationship between Professor Higgins and Eliza in Pygmalion, which is set in an era of social mobility and depends for its effect upon the English class system. In particular, I would like to examine the idea that a persons position in society can be accurately mensurable by her speech-style. Henry Higgins, a professor of linguistics, b elieves that Eliza Doolittle (draggletailed guttersnipe) can be transformed into a duchess. Higgins is a scientist conducting an experiment. He wants Eliza to talk genteelly.His precise ambition is to recommendation that girl off as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. Higgins is extremely selfish (What does it matter what becomes of you) and professes not to be kindle in Elizas personal progress at all, in fact only teaching her to win a bet between Pickering and himself THE NOTE-TAKER (HIGGINS) Well, sir, in one-third months I could pass that girl off as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. PICKERING Ill say youre the greatest teacher awake(p) if you make that genuine. Ill bet you all the expenses of the experiment you cant do it.As this exchange shows, Pickering has just given Professor Higgins the incentive to teach Eliza. Higgins is precise vain (I can place any man in London) and is teaching Eliza to stop using cockney dialect Lisson Grove jargoon such as Ga rn and you ought to be stuffed with nails, you ought She as well as uses double negatives in her speech I aint got no parents where, grammatically, it should be I dont live with any parents. In Act Two, Eliza goes one step further by locution, I dont want never to see him again I dont which is in fact a triple negative.During his experiment in teaching, Higgins encounters the difficulty of getting Eliza to talk grammatically. Teaching her to pronounce the words properly is easy enough, but teaching her to take in English grammar is more complicated. When she comes to Higgins, her grammar is atrocious (I wint stay here if I dont like), for she is using adjectives instead of adverbs. However, she is aware of her social standing. Although she k directlys that she is not a lady (I couldnt sleep here, its too good for the likes of me), she also knows that she is not a tramp and regularly states she is not a prostitute (Im a good girl I am).This chorus is her motto and shows that she has a sense of decorum. In Act Three, about three months into the experiment, Eliza undertakes what we make call a half-term test. She goes to Mrs Higgins at home day. There, she does well in her greetings of Mrs Eynsford Hill and her daughter, Clara her four syllables how do you do? are said with pedantic pronunciation and great beauty of spirit. Then, however, the topic of conversation begins to turn towards incongruous subjects My Aunt died of influenza, so they saidbut it is my belief they done her in. Higgins explains away Elizas inappropriate commentary by saying that it is the new small talk. Shortly afterwards, he gives the signal to Eliza that she should leave. When asked by Freddy if she is walking, she replies with the best remark in the guide Walk non bloody likely. Im going in a taxi. She departs, much to the shock of the genteel folk. The conflict in this exchange is between Elizas pure(a)ly foppish diction and the crude adjective that she uses.This example of Lisson Grove lingo or kerbstone English, when spoken in an upper-class accent, sounds incongruous and creates uproarious laughter. When we future(a) catch up with Eliza, she has made a successful transformation from a flower girl as clean as she can afford to be to a princess in opera cloak, evening dress, diamonds, fan, flowers and all accessories. She is at her final test, an International party at an Embassy in London. Neppomuck, Higgins first student, attends, working as an translator I speak 32 languages You place a man anywhere in London,I place any man in Europe. The hostess of the party instructs Neppomuck to use his skills on Eliza I have found out all about her, she is a fraud. As Higgins thinks that he has failed and it is all over, Neppomuck reveals She is of Hungarian origin and of Royal blood. She is a Princess Higgins, as is shown, has succeeded in his mission to transform Elizas speech from that of a common flower girl to that of an aristocrat. Later, when Eli za asks Pickering if she had won his bet, he replies Won it my dear, you have won it 10 times over.This speech by Colonel Pickering makes Eliza feel successful and when, after the party, Higgins makes an entirely selfish abbreviation of the ordeal through which Eliza has been going, (No more artificial duchesses. The whole thing has been simple purgatory) she passes moral judgement on him (you selfish brute). When we see Eliza at Mrs. Higgins house we are shown that neither Higgins nor Pickering has any concept of mental cruelty, for they think that the way they have treated Eliza (who is naturally rather affectionate) by ignoring her and saying how glad they are that it is all over, is perfectly acceptable.In Act Five, Eliza realises that her real education is not in phonetics but in manners. Eliza explains how she acquired self-respect and has risen in the world. Shaw then puts in her mouth a political speech critical of class-differences in England in 1916 The difference between a lady and a flower girl is not how she behaves but how shes treated This declaration brings us on to discussing Our Countrys Good and Governor Phillip. At the aggregate of Governor Phillips educational theory is the belief that, if the convicts are treated as talented individuals, they will acquire self-respect.Arthur Phillip has been made governor-in-chief of a penal settlement in 18th century Australia. The criminals have been transported a form of punishment at that time on a convict ship to Australia, which was the most buy at destination. Excluding the convicts, there are several another(prenominal) men, of various ranks, with Phillip. Among these are Captain Watkin Tench and Judge David Collins, both of whom lack sensitivity. Phillip is a humanitarian and thinks it unnecessary to put over fifteen thousand miles of ocean to erect another Tyburn? that is, to go to the other side of the Earth to hang people who could have been hanged in Britain. Tench, on the other hand, thinks that the convicts laugh at hangings and it is their favourite form of entertainment. Phillip wishes to be humane and considers lashing as an alternative, but because the punishment is unobserved, Collins deems it useless for it will not serve as a sharp example that is, it will not deter the other convicts. Tench agrees with him by saying that justice and humaneness have never gone hand in hand.When the discussion turns to plays and preferred authors, Phillip has the idea of the convicts putting on a play for the good of the colony. This is our first notion of the differences between Governor Phillip and Professor Higgins Higgins is teaching Eliza for his own good, to improve his reputation, not for her benefit nor our countrys good. The only play they have is George Farquhars The Recruiting Officer (1706), which is a Restoration comedy.In Act One depiction Five, Phillip asks Second Lieutenant Ralph Clark to organise the play. He doesnt actually want to do it and to begin with is not very enthusiastic, but he is hopeful of promotion and so does it to please the Governor. He hears that a convict called bloody shame Brenham can read and write, so he roots her out. She is with her friend, Dabby Bryant, when he comes to talk to her. When he asks her questions to discover if she can read and write, Dabby interrupts and tells him She used to read to us on the ship. We loved it. This disclosure reveals Marys human potential it reveals also that some convicts are sensitive to those who have been desensitised through brutal treatment. When Dabby says, Mary wants to be in your play, she is telling us that Mary wants something to look forward to, something to anticipate. When Ralph Clark starts reading some lines with her from the play, she reads the line Whilst there is life, there is hope This is a perfect example of a syntactically balanced sentiment. This proverbial saying comments exquisitely on their situation within the colony.In Act One Scene Six, The A uthorities Discuss the Merits of the Theatre, Major Robbie Ross shows his contempt for the play (well all be struck with stricturing starvation and you you a play ) Ross is a reactionary construe he adopts a hostile manner towards the idea that the convicts may be capable of sentiment and rehabilitation. He believes that they are incorrigible, beyond redemption he has no confidence in the redemptive power of Farquhars language. Ross wastes no opportunity to vituperate against the convicts (vice ridden vermin), especially the women, whom he considers lower forms of life (Filthy, thieving, hypocrisy whores). He scoffs at the fact that they are allowed to perform a play of fine language, sentiment (Plays ). In the same scene as Ross accusations, we find that these are actually civilised men The sky of this Southern Hemisphere is full of wonders. Have you looked at the constellations? Astronomy seems to be a reasonably intelligent pursuit. Phillip now shows his enlightened positio n We are indeed here to supervise the convicts who are already being punished by their long exile. Surely they can also be reformed?

Memory Management Strategies

ITCS 343 Opera-ng System Principles Memory Management Strategies Virtualizing Resources ? Physical Reality Di? erent Processes/Threads sh atomic number 18 the same hardware ? Need to mul-plex processor (Just ?nished scheduling) ? Need to mul-plex occasion of Memory (Today) ? Need to mul-plex disk and devices (later in term) ? The complete working state of a process and/or kernel is de? ned by its data in recollection (and registers) ? Consequently, brooknot just let di? erent threads of control use the same reminiscence ? Probably dont want di? erent threads to even obligate admission charge to each others depot (protec-on) ?Physics two di? erent pieces of data nookienot occupy the same loca-ons in keeping ? Why worry about fund sharing? Memory Hierarchy of a Modern Computer System ? Take advantage of the principle of locality to ? Present as much memory as in the cheapest technology ? Provide access at speed o? ered by the fastest technology Processor Control Second trai n Cache (SRAM) Main Memory (DRAM) Secondary Storage (Disk) Tertiary Storage (Tape) On-Chip Cache learns 1s 100s Datapath Speed (ns) Size (bytes) 10s-? 100s Ks-? Ms 100s Ms 10,000,000s 10,000,000,000s (10s ms) (10s sec) Gs Ts Background ? political platform mustiness be brought (from disk) into memory and placed inwardly a process for it to be run ? CPU can access directly to registers and main memory ? Register access in one CPU clock (or less) ? Main memory can take many cycles ? Cache sits between main memory and CPU registers -? to reduce CPU idle .me and make the available data faster to access. ? Protec-on of memory ensures correct opera-on ? to protect the opera. ng system from access by substance abuser processes and, ? to protect user processes from one another. ? One simple implementa. on is through base and limit registers Mul? stepProcessing of a Program for Execu-on ? Prepara-on of a program for execu-on involves components at ? Addresses can be bound to ?nal values anywhere in this path ? Dynamic Libraries ? Compile -me (i. e. gcc) ? Link/Load -me (unix ld does link) ? Execu-on -me (e. g. dynamic libs) ? Depends on hardware support ? in any case depends on opera-ng system ? Linking postponed un-l execu-on ? Small piece of code, stub, used to locate the appropriate memory-? resident library rou-ne ? Stub replaces itself with the address of the rou-ne, and executes rou-ne Mul? step Processing of a Program or Execu-on ? User programs go through several steps before being able to run. ? This mul? step processing of the program invokes ? The appropriate u-lity (the rectangle) ? Generates the required faculty at each step (the circle) ? Basically, it is all about bind address mapping. Binding of Instruc9ons and Data to Memory ? Address binding of instruc-ons and data to memory addresses can happen at three di? erent stages ? Compile 9me If memory loca-on known a priori, absolute code can be generated must recompile code if star-ng loca-on changes ? Load 9me mustiness generate relocatable ode if memory loca-on is not known at compile -me ? Execu9on 9me Binding delayed un-l run -me if the process can be moved during its execu-on from one memory segment to another. Need hardware support for address maps (e. g. , base and limit registers) ? Controlled overlap ? Address Type ? Separate state of threads should not collide in physical memory. Obviously, unexpected overlap causes chaos ? Conversely, would like the ability to overlap when desired (for communica-on) ? A physical (absolute) address is a physical loca-on in main memory. ? A sensible (virtual) address is a eference to a memory loca-on that is independent of the physical organiza-on of memory. ? All memory references in user process are logical addresses. ? A rela-ve address is an example of logical address in which the address is expressed as a loca-on rela-ve to some known point in the program (ex the beginning address). ? Transla-on ? Protec-on ? Ability to transla te accesses from one address space (virtual) to a di? erent one (physical) ? When transla-on exists, processor uses virtual addresses, physical memory uses physical addresses ? grimace e? ects Can be used to avoid overlap,Can be used to give uniform view of memory to programs ? Prevent access to private memory of other processes ? Di? erent pages of memory can be given special behavior (Read Only, Invisible to user programs, etc). ? Kernel data protected from User programs ? Programs protected from themselves abode and Limit Registers ? Each process has a separate memory space (logical/user address space). ? A pair of base and limit registers de? ne the logical address space ? base register holds the smallest legal physical address ? limit register speci? es the size of the range of a process ? Could se base/limit for dynamic address transla9on (oBen called segmenta9on) ? Alter address of every load/store by adding base ? User allowed to read/write within segment ? Accesses are re la9ve to segment so dont have to be relocated when program moved to di? erent segment ? User may have mul9ple segments available (e. g x86) ? Loads and stores include segment ID in opcode x86 Example mov esbx,ax. ? Opera9ng system moves around segment base pointers as necessary Mul-programming ? Problem mellow mul-ple applica-ons in such a way that they are protected from one another ? Goals ?Isolate processes and kernel from one another ? Allow ?exible transla-on that ? Doesnt maneuver to fragmenta-on ? Allows easy sharing between processes ? Allows only part of process to be resident in physical memory ? (Some of the required) Hardware Mechanisms ? General Address Transla-on ? triplex Mode Opera-on ? Flexible Can ?t physical chunks of memory into arbitrary places in users address space ? Not limited to small number of segments ? imagine of this as providing a large number (thousands) of ?xed-? sized segments (called pages) ? Protec-on base involving kernel/user dis-nc-on

Bell 412 Specs

bell shape 412EP reaping stipulationifications whitethorn 2012 judicial admissions event to change without nonice. Bell 412EP result Specification 412 Product Spec COVER. indd 1 1 November 2011 6/5/2012 84116 PM 412 Product Spec COVER. indd 2 6/5/2012 84116 PM Table of confine Publishers Notice . 1 Bell 412EP 3 Specification Summary (U.S. Units) 4 Specification Summary (Metric Units) 5 BLR Strake and FastFin . 6 orthogonal Dimensions 8 Bell 412EP sit and intragroup Trim Choices . 10 Standard strain.. 12 nonobligatory Accessories .. 16 whirlybird Performance Charts . 21 loom Performance Charts .. 2 provoke Flow vs. Airspeed .. 31 Cost of Operations 44 Limited Life Components .. 47 Paint Schemes .. 9 Bell 412EP Product Specification whitethorn 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 1 i 2012 Bell eggwhisk Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83705 PM 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 2 6/5/2012 83705 PM Publishers Notice The data presented in this inventory are general in nature, and have been compiled from Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. (BHTI) source materials including but not limited to The Approved Rotorcr back(prenominal) F blithe manual(a), brinytenance Manual, Illustrated part Catalog, and other locomotive engineering design specifications.This document is intended for the enjoyment of BHTI employees, and BHTI independent representatives (international dealers), and for prospective customers as an aid in determining estimated weight and proceeding of the helicopter when configured with equipment for specific missions. Disclosure, reproduction, or use of either material in this document by persons other than BHTI employees, and BHTI independent representatives, and prospective customers are forbidden without written permission from Bell Helicopter Textron Inc.The listings of Optional Equipment ( turnouts) are subject to revision and change, and also may be different for specific serial number helicopters or special custom configurations. enjoy advert the Notes column found in the optional equipment list tables for equipment compatibility. The continuing product improvement process of BHTI may cause some components, equipment, and compatibility to be changed or replaced. The specifications, weights, dimensions, and performance data shown in this document are subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Bell, 206, 407, 407GX, 429, 412, Huey II, LongRanger and JetRanger are registered trademarks of Textron Innovations Inc. All rights reserved Specifications subject to change without notice. Bell 412EP Product Specification may 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 1 1 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83705 PM summon advisedly Left pinhead 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 2 2 Bell 412EP Production Specification whitethorn 2012 6/5/2012 83705 PM Bell 412EP RELIABLE, RUGGED AND READYThe Bell 412EP is the workhorse of the helicopter industry with a reputati on of getting up and going to work every twenty-four hour period in even the most extreme environments. Proven Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3D Twin political action committee engines with more than 25 million flight hours in more than 2,000 aircraft worldwide proud retirement and overhaul intervals 5,000 hour drive system TBO 4,000 hour engine overhaul interval On-condition composite main rotor blades 25,000 hours between premature engine removals Excellent Category A / JAR OPS 3 capability Rugged fuselage with rollover bulkhead protection and rupture repellant fuel cellsThe data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference essential be made to the approved Flight Manual Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 3 3 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83705 PM Specification Summary (U. S. Units) Weight lb Weight lb E mpty Weight (IFR Std. Config. ) 1 6,964 supreme Gross Weight (Internal) 11,900 Useful Load (Internal, IFR Std. Config. ) 4,936 uttermost Gross Weight (External) 11,900 level best External Load 4,500 Performance Summary call backoff, Gross Weight lb immunoglobulin E Hovering Ceiling 9,500 10,500 11,900 ISA OGE Hovering Ceiling ft 17,400 14,300 10,200 ISA + 20 C ft 14,400 10,900 6,200 ISA 10,400 5,200 10,300 6,050 (11,890 lb SL) ISA ft 14,000 11,270 7,270 ft 12,120 9,000 4,990 ISA Service Ceiling (AEO) 13,800 ft ISA + 20 C FAA Take Off and Landing Limit, WAT 2 ft ISA + 20 C ft 19,840 18,760 16,290 (continuous OEI) ISA ft 11,450 8,850 5,400 (30 minute OEI) 3 ISA ft 12,850 10,500 7,600 4,000 ft, ISA kts 132 130 125 n mi 366 364 358 kts 126 125 122 n mi 414 410 401 kts 131 130 125 Maximum invariable Cruise ( unbent airspeed) Cruise at Long Range Cruise (LRC) SpeedRange 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed) Range SL, ISA 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed) Catagory A Takeoff and Landin g Ceiling 4,000 ft, ISA ft 6,000 3,400 (11,580 lb SL) ft 3,750 1,200 (10,800 lb SL) SL, ISA hr 4. 0 3. 9 3. 6 4,000 ft, ISA Endurance at hang around Speed 4 ISA ISA + 20 C Elevated Helipad hr 4. 3 4. 2 3. 9 Uninstalled thermodynamic Power Engine Ratings (100% RPM) Engine Rated Power 2 x 950 2 x 900 Standard Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3D Twin Pac Takeoff (5 minutes) SHP Max sustained Power SHP 2 x 950 2 x 800 OEI (2-1/2 minutes) SHP 1 x 1,140 1 x 1,133 OEI (continuous) SHP 1 x 970 1 x 1,024 OEI (30 minutes)SHP 1 x 1,066 1 x 1,079 OEI (continuous) SHP 1 x 950 N/A Optional Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3DF Twin Pac Transmission Ratings (100% RPM, at mast) Takeoff (5-minute) 1,370 SHP Max sustained Power 1,110 SHP Single Engine Limited by Power Available Fuel (usable) Type Aviation Turbine Capacity 330. 5 US Gallons Note 1 IFR Standard Configuration includes all items listed in the Standard Configuration table of this document as well as twenty- vanadium pounds (eleven kilograms) of engine inunc t. Ballast is not included in the well-worn configuration (ballast is a function of installed equipment). Note 2 With BLR FastFin System.Does not apply for Catagory B, 9-passenger seat configuration. The data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference essential be made to the approved Flight Manual 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 4 4 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 83706 PM Specification Summary (Metric Units) Weight kg Weight kg Empty Weight (IFR Std. Config. ) 1 3,159 Maximum Gross Weight (Internal) 5,398 Useful Load (Internal, IFR Std. Config. ) 2,239 Maximum Gross Weight (External) 5,398Maximum External Load 2,041 Performance Summary Takeoff, Gross Weight kg IGE Hovering Ceiling ISA 4,309 4,763 5,398 m 5,304 4,359 3,109 ISA + 20 C m 4,389 3,322 1,890 ISA OGE Hovering Ceiling m 4,206 3,170 1,585 I SA + 20 C m 3,139 1,844 (5,393 kg SL) ISA m 4,267 3,435 2,216 ISA + 20 C FAA Take Off and Landing Limit, WAT 2 m 3,694 2,743 1,521 Service Ceiling (AEO) ISA m 6,047 5,718 4,919 (continuous OEI) ISA m 3,490 2,697 1,646 ISA m 3,917 3,200 2,316 1,219 m, ISA km/h 244 241 232 km 678 674 663 (30 minute OEI) 3 Maximum Continuous Cruise (true airspeed) Cruise at Long Range Cruise (LRC) Speed Range 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed)Range 4 LRC Speed (average true airspeed) SL, ISA 1,219 m, ISA km/h 233 232 226 km 767 757 743 243 241 232 m 1,829 1,036 (5,253 kg SL) m 1,143 366 (4,899 kg SL) SL, ISA hr 4. 0 3. 9 3. 6 1,219 m, ISA Elevated Helipad Endurance at Loiter Speed 4 km/h ISA + 20 C Catagory A Takeoff and Landing Ceiling hr 4. 3 4. 2 3. 9 ISA Uninstalled Thermodynamic Power Engine Ratings (100% RPM) Engine Rated Power Standard Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3D Twin Pac Takeoff (5 minutes) kW 2 x 708 2 x 671 Max Continuous Power kW 2 x 708 2 x 597 OEI (2-1/2 minutes) kW 1 x 850 1 x 845 OEI (co ntinuous) kW 1 x 723 1 x 764 OEI (30 minutes) kW 1 x 795 1 x 805OEI (continuous) kW 1 x 708 N/A Optional Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3DF Twin Pac Transmission Ratings (100% RPM, at mast) Takeoff (5-minute) 1,022 kW Max Continuous Power 828 kW Single Engine Limited by Power Available Fuel (usable) Type Aviation Turbine Capacity 1,251 liters Note 3 Increased capability addressable with optional Pratt & Whitney PT6T-3DF (30 minute OEI Power Kit). Note 4 Standard fuel, no reserve. The data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference must be made to the approved Flight ManualBell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 5 5 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83706 PM BLR Strake and FastFin Bell Helicopter has partnered with BLR Aerospace to provide its performance, safety and efficiency-enhancing FastFin system as a standard feature on new Bell 412EP aircraft orders. The system incorporates two parallel stall strips along the apparition boom and a reshaped vertical fin. These modifications conflate to optimize airflow around the tail boom, improving the handling, stability and lifting capacity of the Bell 412EP in all environments, especially superior and hot conditions.The FastFin system is a combination of two separate modifications, one to the vertical fin and the other to the tailboom. For clarity, the term FastFin refers to the BLR modification that changes the shape and contour of the vertical fin. The term FastFin System refers to the unite FastFin and Dual Tail Boom Strake installation. The performance benefits of this system include increased tail rotor effectiveness and higher crosswind speed tolerance at hover in certain conditions.In conditions where the aircraft is currently tail rotor limited the FastFin System results in increased Weight-Altitude-Temperature (WAT) capability for takeoff, landi ng and in-ground-effect maneuvers, providing substantial improvement in useful load for hot/high operation (See performance chart below). 14,000 Be ll 41 M 2EP ax G wit Be ro h ss Fa ll 41 W stF 2E ei in gh TM P M tL S ax im ys G it tem ro ss W ei gh tL im it 12,000 Density Altitude (feet) myriad 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 8,000 9,000 10,000 Gross Weight (lb) 11,000 12,000 Bell 412EP WAT Improvement with FastFin SystemThe data set forth in this document are general in nature and may vary with conditions. For performance data and operating limitations for any specific flight mission, reference must be made to the approved Flight Manual 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 6 6 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 83706 PM Page Intentionally Left Blank Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 7 7 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83706 PM External Dimensions LOW SKID wagon train Bell 412EP Low S kid Gear OPTIONAL HIGH SKID GEAR WITH AAI FLITE tint Bell 412EPHigh Skid Gear Specifications subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 8 8 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 83708 PM OPTIONAL EMERGENCY FLOAT GEAR WITH AAI FLOATSTEP Bell 412EP Float Kit OPTIONAL BLADE protein folding KIT DIMENSIONS minimum Hanger Size* Rotor Not Folded 33. 0 ft x 49. 6 ft (10. 1 m x 15. 2 m) Minimum Hanger Size* Rotor Folded 9. 5 ft x 55. 8 ft (2. 9 m x 17. 1 m) *Allowance should be made for high skid gear, ground wheels, emply fuel condition and door lip when considering hangar door width and height Specifications subject to change without notice.Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 9 9 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83710 PM Bell 412EP Seating and Interior Trim Choices Crew Seats Two case-by-case energy attenuating seats, fore/aft and up/down adjustable, each equipped with seat belt, double worst shoulder rule and inertia reel. Available with Grey, Blue, Red, or Tan upholstery which will match that selected for the cabin. Passenger Seats 13 seats offered in three options. (NOTE Seating option 1 meets the criteria required by FAA regulations for installation in U. S. registered helicopters.Seating Options 2 & 3 require the addition of the STC Alpine 412 Passenger berm undertake Kit for installation in U. S. registered helicopters. ) 1) Standard Seating Fabric covered high-backed folding seats with individual seat belts and single strap shoulder harness and inertia reel, arranged with one row of four (two 2-place benches) forward cladding seats, and one row of five forward facing seats, and two outward facing two place benches (one on either side of the transmission). Available with Grey, Blue, Red, or Tan upholstery with Black seat belts. Seats are are also available in all vinyl at additional cost. (210. lb 95. 7 kg included in the standa rd configuration weight. ) STANDARD SEATING (Shown with standard midland trim and al-Qaida covering) SEATING OPTIONS 2 AND 3 NOT ILLUSTRATED 2) Utility Seating Available for U. S. registered helicopters ONLY with addition of STC Alpine 412 Passenger Shoulder Harness Kit. Nylon covered bench type seating arranged with one row of four rearward facing seats (behind the crew seats), one row of five forward facing seats (in front of the transmission), and two outward facing two place benches (one on either side of the transmission). Each seat has an individual seat belt. Available in Tan or Black.The Utility Seating decreases the standard configuration weight (-93. 3 lb -42. 3 kg, with Alpine Shoulder Harness -59. 5 lb -27. 0 kg). 3) Cushioned Utility Seating Available for U. S. registered helicopters ONLY with addition of STC Alpine 412 Passenger Shoulder Harness Kit. As in 2) above with the addition of model covered cushions, available in the same colors as the Standard Seating. T he Cushioned Utility Seating decreases the standard configuration weight (-81. 1 lb -36. 8 kg, with Alpine Shoulder Harness -47. 3 lb -21. 5 kg). Specifications subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 12EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 10 10 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 83710 PM indoor TRIM CHOICES 1) Standard Interior Trim The Standard Interior Trim is provided as a NO COST OPTION, but is not included in the Standard Configuration Empty Weight. Included are Plastic closeouts on upper sidewalls, window reveals, and cabin headliner Padded vinyl covering the embellish and lower door panels Lower aft bulkhead covered with padded vinyl blankets. The hard plastic headliner and closeouts are off-white in color, and the padded bulkhead blankets and write up covering are color coordinated to match the seat color selection.The Standard Interior Trim increases the standard configuration empty weight (165. 7 lb 75. 2 kg). 2) Utility Interi or Trim The Utility Interior Trim consists of Light beige vinyl covered headliner and bulkhead blankets Doors painted light beige Floor painted brown. The Utility Interior Trim is included in the standard configuration empty weight (33. 3 lb 15. 1 kg). CUSTOMIZED SEATING Example Customized Seating Custom designed interiors are available from aircraft completion centers to meet the needs of Corporate or Emergency Medical Service customers. Specifications subject to change without notice.Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 11 11 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83710 PM Standard Configuration (Items Included In List Price) AIRFRAME TRANSMISSION/ DRIVE SYSTEM Aluminum alloy fuselage (over 240 ft3 6. 8M3) loading space Glass windshields Main rotor transmission with 4 chip detectors/2 debris collectors Tinted overhead windows Vibration isolation / suspension mounts (4) Dual windshield wipers Main Lift tie (single point suspension) Fres h air ventilators with adjustable outlets (8 cockpit and 12 aft cabin) 42? gear blow (sight gage and magnetic drain plug/chip detector)Bleed air fume and defroster with air noise sup conjureion 90? gearbox (sight gage and magnetic drain plug/chip detector) Cargo tie-down fittings (51 aft cabin floor) hydraulic pumps for controls (2 independent systems) Map and data case Transmission oil cooler Cabin fire extinguisher (2) Swingout jettisonable doors (2 for forward cabin) POWER PLANT Sliding doors (2 for aft cabin access with 2 emergency exit panels on each door) Automatic governors (2) Pratt & Whitney of Canada PT6T-3D Twin Pac (1800 SHP) Swingout panels for extended access to aft cabin (2) magnetised chip detectors Fixed step on skids for entry to forward cabin (2)Torque limiter Fuel System (330. 5 US Gal 1251 liter usable, rupture resistant cells and breakaway vent fitting) Retractable steps for aft cabin access (2) luggage compartment in tail boom (over 28 ft 0. 8M , 400 lb 181 kg capacity). 3 3 Pumps on engines and submerged in fuel tanks Skid-type landing gear with replaceable wear shoes Fuel filter assembly moorage and jacking fittings (4) Oil coolers (2) External attachment fittings (16) Fire contracting system (2) Semi-monocoque tailboom Fire extinguisher system (2) BLR Strake and FastFin RPM specimen system Elevator (airspeed / spring-cartridge controlled) Hinged cap Tail skidStarter-generators (2) Cargo hook provisions Power turbine RPM control actuators AUDIO Combining gearbox with chip detector Two station aft intercom system w/crew interface Separate firewall protection for each engine rotorS & CONTROLS Overriding clutches (2) Soft-in-plane flex beam hub with four fibreglass blades Extended Engine Exhaust Deflectors Main rotor droop restraint COMMUNICATIONS & NAVIGATION Pendulum vibration absorbers 720 Channel VHF rec/trans transceiver (KTR-908) Semi-rigid, two bladed all-metal tail rotor VHF antenna All controls hydraulically boosted (dual systems for main rotor) 2 Headsets (pilot & copilot)Force trim system and artificial feel (electrically set) 2 Intercomunication Panels (ICS) (pilot & copilot) Dual controls Emergency aerate Switch Cyclic stick centering Horizontal Situation Indicator RPM governor selector control Attitude Director Indicator Manual engine crookedness matching and trim Attitude and Heading Reference Systems (2) Dual Digital Three axis AFCS (2 flight control computers) Cockpit voice recorder provisions Rotor brake Specifications subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 12 12 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 83710 PMStandard Configuration (continued) FLIGHT & ENGINE operatorS FLIGHT & ENGINE INSTRUMENTS (continued) Flight Director Nav Coupler (3-axis) Master warning lights on the instrument panel draw attention to Free air temperature indicator RPM Pitot static system with electric pitot heat Eng 2 unwrap Eng 2 Fire Eng 1 Out AL-300 Data Display Eng 1 Fire Baggage Fire Cyclic Radar altimeter 1 Over torque centering Altimeter (barometric) (mast) IFR EQUIPMENT Clock, digital quartz chronometer Co-pilot clock Hourmeter Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) (KDM-706) Magnetic compass, pilots standby IFR FAA kit Airspeed indicatorAutomatic Direction Finder (ADF) (XDF-806) Rate of burn up indicator Nav receiver 1 VOR/LOC with HB/HSI (KNR-634) Turn and slip indicator Nav receiver 2 VOR/LOC with HSI (KNR-634) Triple tachometer (rotor and engines) VHF-AM Comm 2 radio (KTR-908) Dual hydraulic press/temp indicator (2) Transponder (MST67) Gas producer tach indicator (2) Co-pilot instruments (FAA) Triple torque indicator (Eng 1, Eng 2, mast) Standby attitude indicator Engine oil-temp/press indicator (2) ELECTRICAL Turbine inlet temperature indicator (2) Generator (2) (30 volt, 200 amp DC startergenerator derated to 150 amperes) Fuel pressure indicatorTransmission oil-temp/press indicator Inverters (2), (450 volt ampere single phase, solid state) Dual DC and AC voltmeters Nickel cadmium battery (40 ampere hours) Dual DC loadmeter Battery over-temp warning Fire detection warning (3) Generator voltage regulators Combining gearbox oil-temp/press indicator Instrument (integral) lights (white) Flight data recorder provisions Navigation lights Caution & ensample System Master caution light on panel draws attention to the pedestal mounted annunciator panel when worded segments illuminate Landing light-retractable Anticollision light (2) Engine oil press (2) DC generator (2)Tritium lighted emergency exit signs Trans oil press Gen overheat (2) Cockpit lights (2) Trans oil temp AC inverter (2) Dome lights (3) Comb box oil press External power External power receptacle Comb box oil temp Battery switch Twin ignition and scratch systems Chip detectors (5) Battery temp Seat belt sign Fuel boost (2) Hydraulic Passenger step lights Fuel filter (2) Door locks Baggage compartment light & fire sensor Fuel valve (2) Heater Utility cabin lights (removable) Fuel low (2) Part sep off (2) Fuel X flow Rotor brake (2) PAINT Emerg gov manual (2) Caution panel Markings for high visibility M/R blades (white & orange)Specifications subject to change without notice. Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 13 13 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83710 PM Standard Configuration (continued) MISCELLANEOUS Covers, tail pipe, turbine air inlet, and pitot tube Flight bag Ground handling wheels, hydraulically activated Manuals Aircraft log, Engine log, Engine operations, Flight, Maintenance & Overhaul Manual, Illustrated Parts Catalog Tie-down assemblies, main rotor & tail rotor INTERIOR TRIM Choice of Standard or Utility Interior Trim. Standard Rigid three-piece headliner in cabin, padded iberglass floor covering, bulkheads, trimmed with cream-colored plastic and color-coordinated vinyl coated fiberglass, cabin doors trimmed with plastic, special sound proofing, seat upholstered with foam and fabric. Selection of fabric colors. Not included in Standard Configuration Weight, increases empty weight 165. 6 pounds (75. 1 kilograms) when installed. Utility Beige soundproofing blankets on bulkheads and overhead doors painted beige, floor painted brown. Included in Standard Configuration Weight (approximately 32. 6 pounds, 914. 8 kilograms). Specifications subject to change without notice. 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 14 14 Bell 412EP Production Specification May 2012 6/5/2012 83710 PM Page Intentionally Left Blank Bell 412EP Product Specification May 2012 412EP Product Spec 2012-02. indd 15 15 2012 Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. 6/5/2012 83710 PM Optional Accessories Kits listed below are compatible with the FAA IFR 3-axis / non-EFIS configuration except as individually noted Additional kits and STC items may be available for factory installation. Please consult sales or contract personnel regarding special needs prior to selection of final configuration.Wt (lb) Wt (kg) Notes 11. 7 5. 3 1, 2 FIXED STEP RIGHT HAND 11. 6 5. 3 1, 2 HEAVY DUTY HIGH SKID GEAR w/o STEPS 18. 5 8. 4 1, 3 HEAVY DUTY HIGH CROSS TUBES FOR EMER. FLOATS 3. 8 1. 7 EMERGENCY FLOATS (provisions) 51. 0 23. 2 EMERGENCY FLOATS /RESERVOIR & NOSE 97. 5 44. 2 4 EMERGENCY FLOATS (L. G. w/ FLOATS & PWR STEPS) 168. 8 76. 6 1, 4 HEATED WINDSHIELD 9. 8 4. 4 1 EXPANDABLE BOLTS MAIN ROTOR 3. 0 1. 4 FUEL KIT MANIFOLD DRAIN 0. 3 0. 1 Kit Description AIRFRAME FIXED STEP LEFT HAND 9 CELL FUEL SYS 4 -16. 1 -7. 3 SEAT BELT SIGN STD INTR 0. 3 0. 1 SEAT BELT SIGN DLX INTR 0. 3 0. 1 AUX FUEL PROVS 5. 4 . 5 5 AUX FUEL, 16. 3 GAL LH 20. 2 9. 1 5 AUX FUEL, 16. 3 GAL RH 20. 2 9. 1 5 AUX FUEL, 81. 7 GAL LH (REQUIRES REMOVAL OF 2 OUTBOARD-FACING PAX SEATS) 50. 3 22. 8 5 AUX FUEL, 81. 7 GAL RH (REQUIRES REMOVAL OF 2 OUTBOARD-FACING PAX SEATS) 50. 3 22. 8 5 5 INDICATOR, FUEL QTY, AUX FUEL -0. 1 0. 0 TOLERANT FUEL 98. 5 44. 7 EFIS (ELEC TRONIC FLIGHT INSTRUMENT SYSTEM) 113. 4 51. 4 1, 6 4-AXIS DDAFCS W/ DUAL FLIGHT DIRECTOR 26. 4 12. 0 7 PRIMUS 700 WEATHER RADAR 49. 1 22. 3 7 PRIMUS 700 WEATHER RADAR W/ EFIS 54. 6 24. 8 7 ENCODING ALTIMETER 0. 1 0. 0 1, 7 RADAR ALTIMETER 2 12. 2 5. 6 7 CABIN PA SYSTEM (NON-EFIS)

Marraige

Arranged wedlock is happen a lot over seas in the western area, not so much in the United States. There is an article that is called Im Happy with an Arranged Marriage by Gitangeli Sapra. In this article she discusses her view of arranged marriages. Ms. Gitangeli approves of arranged marriage, it is give tongue to that people who get married for love has a 40% rate of divorce. She also states that arranged marriages have a lower rate of divorce for the particular that the couples do not want to start a wrath between their families. Is arranged marriage right or wrong?Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, I dis tote up with arranged marriage I believe that families should not have the right to set up their children with who they think best suits their child. I believe marriage is about two people who love, support and respect each other. I personally would not prefer my parents to set me up with someone who they think is a good match for me, because I have different standards thus they do and I have a different idea of who the type of person I would like to spend my time with. Parents want to see their children with successful spouses and who they think are a good person.If parents were to choose who they want their child to marry then they will be too involved in the couples relationship, so if the relationship is not working out the couple would be too scared to get a divorce because of what their family might do. A lot of countries make arranged marriage mandatory, and some people really do agree with it it are apart of some cultures, but others do not. Fatma Uncon was a twenty year old female who was forced into an arranged marriage, which she did not want. Since she was forced she pertinacious to commit suicide by shooting herself

Religions Must Update Themselves Essay

Many large number in the Modern world believe that sacred books and laws must be repositiond to fit the lives of those that live in the 21st century in this essay I shall argue both sides and come to a nett decision on whether or not they should update themselves. One of the many religions that is constantly thought of as out of date or no longer relevant to society is Christianity. This is as the Christian religious book (the Bible) is full of laws (especially the Old Testament) that no longer work well for certain situations or raise sense to the logical mind.An example of this is Exodus 212 NCV, which says If you buy a Hebrew striver, he leave alone serve you six years. In the seventh year you are to set him free, and he will have to pay nothing. Number one slavery is not neverthe little looked down upon by the normal public alone is also illegal so laws on how to own and release a slave is not only useless to people of this day and age but it could also be seen as hypo critical for a God whom Christians claim to be so loving and kind to condone something as wrong as the owning of a slave.Another versify that appears illogical to non-Christians is 1 Corinthians 1434 NIV in which Paul writes to the following in Corinth saying Women should keep quiet in the Church meetings. They are not allowed to speak, but they must yield to this rule as the law says. This is straight out sexism Sexism by lexicon definition is discrimination based on a persons sex discrimination includes being excluded from or forced to perform a certain action because of sex etc.This is what is happening here, women are not being allowed to talk in church because they are women only there are women pastors and evangelists and I have definitely heard several women talking during my visits to church. This raises the question of how ordinary people are to take for this rule seriously and think it relevant when Christians themselves ignore it. Most people see these verses and im mediately desist that the Bible is not only out of date but also out of touch with reliable laws and regulations.It is easy to ake a verse out of the Bible without linking it to the rest of the chapter or considering the history which lead to it. here(predicate) are some examples of verses that show the Bible is as modern as can be. A verse that makes more sense to non-Christians and helps to prove the point that the Bible is not out of date is Exodus 2112 NCV Anyone who hits a person and kills him must be put to death. This makes perfect sense. The verse mirrors not only the judicial system that every wrong or illegal action has to be paid for but also mirrors simple logic that bad people have to pay for the bad things they do.It is the most staple fiber and un-updateable human impulse for right and wrong to be paid equally. Another verse that helps argue the motif that the Bible is not out of date is Leviticus NCV 199-10 When you harvest time your crops on your land, do not harvest all the way to the corners of your fields. If grain falls onto the ground, dont gather it up. What would happen in Israelite times was that any grain dropped during the harvest would be picked up by the homeless. This was a form of charity towards those who were less privileged.Being charitable is something that has only become popular in the last few years yet here are the Israelites doing it so regularly it has become normal. I believe that the Bible is in point modern and its laws are still relevant today but you have to be able to change it to fit modern language. For example one of the Ten Commandments is Thou shalt not bear false recover against your neighbour. This literally means you shouldnt lie. I believe that that is the way you have to approach all the laws in the Bible not changing the meaning but changing the words to something thats understandable.

Compensations and Benefits Essay

Introduction When creating a eudaemonia package for their organization, managers must take into contemplation an array of conditions that ordain affect two the organization and the personnel it employs. These conditions range from away factors such as laws mandated by both local and federal agencies to internal factors such as administrative requirements, cost that stem from purchasing and maintaining equipment and employee incentives. By the end of this paper, I leave alone explain the essential role each of these factors play in the formation of an organizations benefit package.External Factors One of the biggest, if non the largest, challenge an organization faces when seeking to erect the best qualified personnel in hopes of building a workforce whose loyalty keeps them from seeking body of work elsewhere is to design a benefits package that will adhere to all legal mandates and is perceived as being fair by all employees. As noted by the author or our text, companies establish strategic benefit plans on the interpretation of pertinent information in the external and internal environments.(Martoccio, 2011, p. 19) Lawful mandates, or external factors, are key because failure to follow them will resolving in stiff penalties for the organization. Federal laws such as the Equal Pay put to work of 1963 and Title vii of the polite Rights Act of 1964, the Social Security Act and the Federal Unemployment Act were knowing to ensure employees true fair treatment from employers. The Equal Pay Act (EPA) of 1963 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were designed to prevent employers from discriminatingagainst potential employees. The EPA was specifically enacted to end gender discrimination in paythe Civil Rights Act of 1964makes it an unlawful employment practice for an employer to discriminate against any individualbecause of race, color, religion, sex or theme origin. (Greenlaw & Kohl, 1994, p. 240) Two additional external factors to be taken into considerateness or the Social Security Act (SSA) and the Federal Unemployment Act (FUA), both were designed to help personnel after they have been hired by an organization.The SSA provides that added security of an income to an employee upon retirement or in the event of being disabled and financial assistance to myrmecophilous survivors of a deceased employee. The FUA provides financial security to an employee who was released from his or her job due to no fault of their own. Having familiarity of these laws and being able to incorporate specifics in spite of appearance their benefits package will prove to be cost impressive to any employer. Internal FactorsWhile external factors are important, internal factors are just as important when designing a benefit plan for an organization. When implementing a benefit plan, managers must take into consideration any internal factors that might affect the organization administratively. Examples of administrative cost are esta blishing the pay structure within the organization, conducting wage surveys and implementing the wage structure for positions within the organization. According to Mr. Von Yeast, few people take into consideration the impressiveness of administrative cost.I have been in groups of experienced and knowledgeable administrators who give blank stares and refuse to remonstrate on administrative cost. (Von Yeast, 1994, p. 26) Another small, yet important internal factor that affects an organizations benefit package are costs associated with purchasing, maintaining and eventually replacing equipment. The last internal factor I will use to support my claim that both external and internal factors must be taken into consideration when creating a benefit packet is the most important one to me and that is employee incentives.Employers that place high value on those with whom they employ stand a better chance of developing a loyal workforce who has a vested interest in the function of the comp any. The founders of Costo Wholesale Warehouse built their empire on this way of thinking. Its co-founder Jim Sinegal has told MMR in the past that the companys generosity regarding worker pay and benefits is not just the even up thing to do but also produces dividends that benefit the business. (Costco, 2012, pg 20) Placing the needs of its employees first, hiring from within, and tuition re-imbursement are just a few of the benefits Costco offers its employees and as a result it has survived one of our nations worse economic crisis. explore has shown that Costcos employee turn-over is minimal and customer satisfaction is up as a result of employees who have a vested interest in the organization. Although I believe Costcos founders understood the value of people, they did not come to this conclusion on half-heartedly.Much thought and consideration must be taken when deciding what benefits should be included within a package. Conclusion Providing additional incentives such as educ ational benefits, health, dental, view and life insurance along with paid vacation is beneficial to the organization as well as the employee. With hope, the employer will be happy because they would have hired a more educated worker who is dexterous in his or her profession resulting in more productivity and the employee will perform better because of the look for of better job security and benefits that protect them and their families.In short a good benefit plan, that takes into consideration both external and internal factors will result in better productivity. Reference Costco Policy of Treating Workers substantially Pays Off. (2012). MMR, 29(3), 20. Greenlaw, P. S. Kohl, J. P. (1994). Thirty Years of Civil Rights The EPA/Title VII Sex-Based Wage Discrimination Controversy. Labor Law Journal, 45(4), 240. Martoccio, J. (2011). Employee benefits A primer for human resource professionals.

An Epic Hero: Beowulf Essay

Beowulf is an epic from the Anglo-Saxon occlusion about a hero who takes on extreme ch every(prenominal)enges. The main character, Beowulf, embodies the virtues of the Anglo-Saxon culture and beliefs. He similarly embodies the characters of the Anglo-Saxon society strength, bravery, honor, and the want and need to help others around them. Beowulf is faithful to his word and shares any and each of his winnings and gifts that he has received. His being faithful to his oaths links him to the Anglo-Saxons. Beowulf makes an oath to kill Grendel and he does (page 37).After Grendel is killed, the nation tell Beowulf of Grendels mother and he tells them he will return her dead as nearly and indeed he does (page 41). Anglo-Saxons are very generous when it comes to sharing their wealth. Hrothgar offers treasure and gold to Beowulf in commuting for the death of Grendels mother (page 39). Wiglaf speaks of how Beowulf gave him and the warriors gold and other gifts, so they in turn should help Beowulf buck the flying dragon and defend their leader (page 47).In order for Beowulf to be like the Anglo-Saxons, he would have to have these characteristics and he did. Beowulf do allegiances between leaders, but relied on fate a lot which is exactly the trait of an Anglo-Saxon. His reliance on fate was a big rise for him, but when he faced the dragon fate was no longer on his side. Before the dragon, Beowulf believed that if he was given a task because fate would make it so. For poser, he says, death was my errand and the fate they had earned (lns 158-159).At the end of Beowulfs actors line to the king, he exclaims, Fate will unwind as it must (line 189) which shows how he relies on fate. The allegiances he made helped him look better by giving him more fame. After Beowulfs speech to the king, Hrothgar replied, No unitary strange to this land has ever been granted what Ive given you, no one in all the years of my rule. Make this the best of all mead-halls yours, and then keep it free of evil, fight with glory in your heart Purge Herot and your ship will sail home with its treasures full (lns 385-391).With that, Hrothgar finally decides to allow Beowulf and his custody to take down Grendel. Beowulfs allegiances and beliefs embody the traits of the Anglo-Saxons. Love of fame, pride, and boastfulness are the downside to the Anglo-Saxon characteristics and Beowulf holds all trio of these traits inside of himself. His pride and boastfulness is what intimidates others to keep them thinking that he is better than them and no one could go him and Beowulf lets everybody know it.When Unferth challenges Beowulf, Beowulf replies boastfully on how there is nobody that swims in the sea like him and how nobody is as strong as he is (page 30). Beowulf later goes on to tell a tale of him and a friend, He could never leave me behind, swim faster across the waves than I could, and I had chosen to remain abutting to his side (lns 274-276). His love of fame an d success is not uncommon among the Anglo-Saxon culture.Beowulf loves to hear his success stories, so he tells about how he drove five great giants into chains and chased all of that race from the existence (lns 153-155). These downside characteristics are the values of an Anglo-Saxon. Beowulf has inside of him all of the traits and characteristics of the Anglo-Saxon people. This epic hero is a perfect example of the Anglo-Saxon values. These traits, good and bad, are what make up Beowulf as well as the Anglo-Saxon society.

Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ marketing plan Essay

1. Executive Summary1.1 Synopsis of the SituationThe account of angostura bark redolent change taste approaches the year of 1822, when a cholera epidemic whipped the population of angostura bark in Venezuela, when the young doctor Johann Gottlieb Benjamin Siegert created a somewhat bitter medicine, quite unusual judgement, but of be volatilities effectively relieve the stomach of his many patients.This potion was composed of over 25 botanicals in abundant bumcel reserves of these tropical lands, including fruits, roots, herbs seeds, bark, and agood amount of ingredients whose name and proportion remain, even today, in the strictest secrecy. In 1830 a di motionlessery inst all in alled and did non take long to give-up the ghost famous on the continent, winning the grand medal at the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873.After the death of Siegert in 1870, the family moved in 1875 to Trinidad and Tobago where there continues today making the angostura smelling(p) bitters, preserv ing their behalf to keep the Venezuelan reference point most of their inputs to date, as well as also the peculiar label in four langu eons and tactual sensation of its inventor, who since then characterizes it.Its initial hire was to relieve some stomach ailments. But some additional benefits by and by discovered is that the strengthened the taste of certain intellectual nourishments and cocktails preparations, which made time disappear from kits home and hospital to become a common ingredient in bars and kitchens around the world .Today is a preciously ingredient in the preparation of cocktails and is also utilise as a seasoning for soups and sauces.Drops of angostura resonant bitters is exchange in dwarfish bottlefuls of 100 cc and 200 cc, the most famous and familiar betray angostura smelling(p) bitters.Usually drops in drinks (G & T, Mojito, Cuba Libre, Pisco sour), classic cocktails like the Manhattan, Champagne Cocktail, etc. used and refreshments as LLB (Lemo n Lime & change taste) or Fantasia Rock Shandy, The Chapman, The Gunner.Currently in the Colombian market there is not drop bitters, there atomic number 18 national essences bitter which are manufactured by CONDICOM and Productos El Bosque, which bind the basic condiments for cooking. These national essences bitter stool an inebriantic drink content of 3 degrees, which makes you need to use a larger amount of ingathering per cocktail or preparation, unlike drops Angostura aromatic bitters which waste an alcohol content of 44.7 degrees making them stronger and with 2 or 3 drops per cocktail is enough to make the mixture,not just now because of its alcohol content but the strong intent of the merged its ingredients.The house of biters brings sustainable growth in the spherical market of 4.7% in the last 5 years (Source International Wine & Spirit Research). Angostura is take over the draw in this category of bitter.1.2 Key aspects of the merchandise planWe want to be th e exclusive electrical distributor of Angostura aromatic bitters in Colombia. For this reason, we have to import the fruit, market and build brand scene of Drops of Angostura aromatic bitters in the country. Also, position the product as a reference category.The discern factors of this marketing plan areComply with the requirements of law, such(prenominal) as trademark enrolment and authorization. The trademark registration protects the producer (trademark owner) against any misuse of it by a third this register is valid for 10 years. The health record is the guarantee that emits a government institution, which certifies that a product is fit for human utilisation. Segment drops Angostura aromatic bitters into dickens distribution channels, which would be the ON-PREMISE (hotels, restaurants, chocolate bean shops and bars) and OFF-PREMISE big sell channel. Define the cities in which the product and the strategic trade partners (sub-distributors) through which exit be sell . Define the selling impairment to the non-homogeneous distribution channels which through which we will reach the consumer. Develop activities that generate image and brand recall, such as trainings, competitions of cocktails, sponsor cocktails menu, accompanied by free-press training in each activity.2. Environmental outlineColombia is a country with a population of 48,321,405 people (2013 estimates, source DANE), it is in the 28th position in the slacken of population composed of 183 countries and has a moderate population density of 42 inhabitants per km2.At 2013 the Gross domesticated Product (GDP) in Colombia recorded an increase of4.9%, according to data provided by the DANE. Investment and consumption showed a great motion. The sectors driving growth in 2013 were mining and quarrying (4.9%) electricity, gas and water city (4.9%) financial institutions, insurance, real estate and care services (4.6%) trade, repair services, restaurants and hotels (4.3%) Transport, sto rage and communication (3.1%).Source http//es.tradingeconomics.com/colombia/gdpColombia is the instant(prenominal) growing economy in Latin America, surpassing the Pacific Alliance (Colombia, Chile, Peru and Mexico). In turn, the country stratified 15th in growth in a sample of 75 nations.Source world pious platitudeThe unemployment rate in Colombia in 2013 on an urban scale, in the 13 largest cities is 8.7 percent, the lowest since 1995.The investment rate, the dowery of GDP that the country reinvests, reached 28.4%, the superiorest in half a century and the second in the region. Another primal fact is that the force that is moving the economy is internal. Government consumption is growing at rates of 5.7% and 4% households. Within the household consumption stand purchases of durable goods, which accelerated during the third quarter of this has to do with the relegate performance of income and a luxuriouslyer level of confidence.As for imported spirits market figures in Col ombia by categories to December 2013 in boxes of 12 bottles 9 liters each one, areAlcoholic beverageNumber boxeswhisky403,189Vodka66,195Gin20,578Brandy and cognac1,532Ron205,518Tequila58,413Wine1,178,7582.1 Strengths and weaknessesStrengthsRecognized as 1 in the world (large gap vs. competition).High parsimony and high level of alcohol, making the product more efficient. Strong cost position (inelastic).Rich in heritage and legacy (royal warrant).The product is nonperishable.Angostura will continue to make a consistently high quality product that will make peoples nutriment and drink recipes come a drop dead.Angostura train people in the classics, as well, as the cutting edge to make them better bartenders and cooks.Angostura will no longer see itself as traditional and old-fashioned, Angostura will exhibit flare, honey and attitude, and inject a little more irreverence. In ten years from now Angostura aromatic bitters will revolutionize the cocktail industry again and Angostura will be as best-selling(predicate) a food ingredient as Lee & Perrins.Angostura is one of the most iconic brands in the world. The rich, dark and mysterious liquid adds a distinguishable color and taste to all its creations (adding color and flavour to life).WeaknessesLow visibility at point of sale (especially ON-PREMISE channel). Consumptiontax payable by the category, increase the price.2.2 Opportunities and threatsOpportunitiesCurrently in Colombia the food industry (food and drink) is booming, a growth in recent years and still considered one of the 4 most important gastronomic destinations in Latin America.There is no category of bitter in Colombia and would be the first brand in this category, entering with the most recognized brand in the world. Partnerships with other major spirit brands. Partnership with Pernod Ricard and Monin. Improvements made into accessing new markets.Partnership with Bartender Guilds and Associations (The grand Service, BAR) and schools of mixolo gy. Slow food to capitalize on opportunity. Currently the non-alcohol cocktails are booming.ThreatsIn Colombia the regulation of alcohol consumption is very strong. Financial monopoly, departments control the marketing of alcoholic beverages within its territory, to authorize or prohibit the portal of such products. Changing landscape of tax structure.Parallel Trade.Currently in Colombia there are two national brands of essences of bitter, which are CONDICOM and Productos el Bosque. In the future when the category of bitter drops will be gravel international brands reach (Fees Brothers, Bitter truth, Peychauds, Bitter Cube, Bittermens).This kind product does not enough known in the Colombian market.2.3 Current objectives and performanceThe current objectives areEnter the brand in Colombia.Develop missing bitters category. relieve oneself image and brand awareness to achieve the referent category in Colombia.The performance of the marketing plan will be described in the following sections.2.4 Five forces Porter analysisThreat of New Entrants Capital, economic muscle, expertise, brand, regulation, taxes. Power of Suppliers The Angostura aromatic bitters business in Colombia has only one supplier who is the company who made the product. For this reason, the supplier is extremely susceptible to the demands and requirements of the market and hold very high power. Power of Buyers The consumers of cocktails and food in Colombia are very price sensitive, but they want to taste new flavors and they are very susceptible to trends. Availability of Substitutes The bitters drops have no substitutes, as a unique flavor enhancer with the ability to marry flavors in the preparation of all food dishes. competitive Rivalry the market of bitters in Colombia has two local brand competitors, but they are not concentrated bitters (drops), they are essences.3. commercializeing Strategy3.1 SegmentationAs we mentioned above, Angostura resonant bitter are used to be added to the cocktails and food to create new possibilities of flavor and a whole spue of new and exclusive beverages and dishes.Due to the Angostura Aromatic bitter conditions as an alcoholic beverage for the Colombian market (according with the requirements from INVIMA), Angostura Aromatic Bitters has to pay a special tax. For that reason, the price is higher than the Colombian competitors.Angostura Aromatic Bitters segmentation is defined in the two next tables related with the consumer and business marketsSegmentation variables for Angostura Aromatic Bitters consumer markets Geographic regionSouth, north, and central Colombian areasCityBogot, Cali, Medelln, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Pereira, Manizales, Bucaramanga niggardlinessUrbanDemographic ageAbove 18GenderMale and femaleReligionAll. The product has a kosher certificationSocial classMiddle, swiftness middle and upper classesBehavioral causeRegular and special occasionsSegmentation variables for Angostura Aromatic Bitters business markets DemographicHotels, restaurants, bars, coffee shopsIt does not matter the sizeLocated in major cities in ColombiaOperating variablesCustomer who use to drink cocktails and gastronomyPurchasing approachesHotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops who wants to be different, to supply a different and new cocktails age, to abide to their customers a high quality alcohol and non-alcohol beverages. Situational factorsWe focus either on large or small ordersPersonal characteristicsWe want to serve whatever hotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops (ON PREMISE) and big retailers (OFF-PREMISE)3.2 Target Market gibe with the segmentation, the Angostura Aromatic Bitters targets arethe main and representative hotels, restaurants, coffee shops and bars, from the main Colombian cities, who serves the middle, upper middle and upper classes of the population who are above 18 years (the minimum Colombian age to be permitted to a people to drink an alcohol beverage).3.3 Positioning (Value Proposition)Angostura Aromatic Bitters will position itself as the premier and unique enhanced flavor to non-alcohol and alcohol cocktail and food. This positioning will be achieved by leveraging Angostura Aromatic Bitters competitive edge industry experience, innovation hypothesis and high quality.Angostura Aromatic Bitters is a high quality product produced for people who wants to have a new flavor experience related with a non-alcohol and alcohol beverages (new cocktails age) and food.The Angostura Aromatic Bitters company is able to use its vast experience and personal passion to create a high quality product to cave in innovative and new flavored food and cocktails, for the whole cocktails drinkers and people who want to live a new experience about their food.4. Marketing Programs4.1 ProductRespected and recognized as the leader in aromatic bitters worldwide no bar or kitchen is complete without it. Angostura Aromatic Bitters is a high quality product produced from al cohol and many others aromatic plants. Unique flavor enhancer (seasoning) for the preparation of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, as well as, any savory or sweet food dishes. Sodium and Gluten-Free.Exported to 150 countries worldwide.Kosher Certified.Tempers the acidity of citrus ingredients for individuals who are acid sensitive (also explains why Angostura aromatic bitters can settle the stomach). Classified as a food ingredient in many countries (in Colombia isclassified as an alcohol beverage). Although the product contains 44.7% alcohol by volume, each drop contains an insignificant amount of alcohol and therefore remains non-alcoholic. 100% Vegan.Because is more concentrated than the competition product, Angostura aromatic bitters yields more and their cost benefit relationship is higher.Through these features, we want to develop and add harbor to the Angostura Aromatic Bitters consumers and the brand, in order to be successful in Colombia as the product has had succe ssfully in the world.The price of the Angostura Aromatic Bitters make possible to generate revenues to all the different actors involved in the production and distribution chain.4.2 PricingAlthough the price of the Angostura Aromatic Bitters is higher than the Colombian competence, because of the taxes and importation costs, their cost benefit relationship is higher ProductVolume per bottleAlcohol by volumeDrops per bottleDrops per cocktailCocktails per bottleUSD per botleUSD per cocktailAngostura aromatic bitters100 cm344.7% clxxx29011.40.13Colombian essences bitters148 cm33%266.4151850.28The product price is favorable for the dealers allowing them to have a very attractive profit margin100 cm3 bottleUSDRevenues% of priceSelling Price from producer to distributor3.6Distributor final price after import and taxes4.50.925%Selling price distributor to allied distributors8.23.782%Selling price allied distributors to final consumer11.43.239%4.3 PromotionUse the original Angostura aromat ic bitters webpage to show what the product is and several recipes. get a viral marketing using Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest to show the product. Using the mixologists network to develop the brand and products uses. make out Youtube videos in order to massify the recipes that used the Angostura aromatic bitters. Createcellular phones applications (android and iphone) to widespread the access to the people to the product and its uses. Make a cross marketing amongst hotels, bars, coffee shops and restaurants and all the places where the product will sell, in order to the people knows the benefits and they can learn how they can use the Angostura aromatic bitters. Create contests in each city to involve consumers highlighting their creative thinking to make new cocktails using Angostura aromatic bitters.The bars, hotels, coffee shops and restaurants would make the winners cocktail available, on drinks menu for duration of contest, the winners will be adjudged via customer sales for cocktail. The winners will participate in a national contest to be the Colombian winner and take the chance to go to the Legends of the Cocktail World Tour. Create learning and e-learning crinkles to teach people the uses of the product. Involve the use of the product in TV narrow down food and beverage shows (free-press). Make free samples to the launch time, in order to distribute it across the main restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and bars in each main city of Colombia, to create product recognition.Through these ways of promoting the Angostura aromatic bitters, we want to get consumers massively to become familiar with the product and its uses.4.4 DistributionThe Angostura aromatic bitters will have the next logistics to make the distribution1. The company sells us the product straight from their manufacturing plant located at Trinidad and Tobago. 2. We import the product to our storage warehouse located in Cali Colombia. 3. We will have one distributor for each main city in Colombia. 4. The selling will be doing by internet, by phone and by visit directly to the client. The dispatching will be centralized from our main warehouse and with the application system help, the product will be send to each regional distributor in order to be dispatched to each client. 5. The main clients will be the restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and bars located in middle and high income areas of each mains Colombian cities. 6. We will sell the product in selected big retail chains and in wine and spirits specialized stores.5. Evaluation and control5.1 Performance measuresOur strategic objectives areExpand the distribution by placing products in50 retail stores (OFF-PREMISE)15 wine and spirits specialized stores (OFF-PREMISE)1,400 on the ON-PREMISE nationwide.Sale of 80% of first import at year 2015 (4,896 bottles during the year).We will evaluate our marketing plan according with this prosody, also external and internal External metricsMetricMeasureMarket sh are per volumeAngostura aromatic bitter volume of bottles sold versus total bottles of essences bitters sold Market share per valueAngostura aromatic bitter total USD sold versus total USD of essences bitters sold Market share per customersAngostura aromatic bitter total customers versus total bitters customers Consumer felicitySurveys results from 90% of total Angostura aromatic bitter customer (hotels, restaurants, bars)Loyalty theatrical role of customers who changed to the competitorsDistributionPercentage of customers who received on time and full the deliverLearningNumber of courses dictated innate metricsMetricMeasureFinancial goalsPercentage of financial goals accomplish by periodEmployee satisfactionInternal survey resultsSkill levelsKnowledge about the product and its usesLearningNumber of new learning and e-learning course created.RecipesNumber of new recipes created.5.2 Evaluation proceduresThe evaluation procedures we will do to do the performance measures are Surveys head customer and channels control visitsStatistical beverages consumerStatistical sellsStatistics presence of the product in customers.